The abundance of the archaeological evidence on the site was noticed even prior to the systematic research. Modern archaeological excavations confirmed the richness of the artifacts found, for instance under the ruins of the ancient dwellings, workshops, many of them burnt down probably during the Roman wars. They became essential in the study of the Dacian civilization in that area.
Mainly, the huge quantity of iron found in raw state is noticed (split blooms, ingots of various shapes and weights) as well as a large variety of tools, weapons, construction materials etc. Taking advantage of the local rich iron ore resources, the Dacians transformed the area in one of the most important metallurgic centres of Europe at the end of the Iron Age. The near 30 iron anvils (some weighing almost 50 kg) are testimonies of the great number of workshops and the large variety of tongs (12 varieties), sledge hammers, hammers, chisels, files, punches are a speaking proof of the diversity of blacksmithing activities.
Part of the iron production was found inside the workshops as well as in small buried deposits or in deposits found in burnt buildings. It consisted of carpentry tools 
(axes, hatchets, adzes, drills, rasps, scrapers, compasses, saws, nail removers), agricultural tools (plough coulters and shares, hoes, scythes, sickles, shears, etc.), blacksmithing tools (anvils, small hammers, small pliers, molten metal spoons, spinners, etc.), weapons and harness (curved swords and daggers, among which the famous falx and sica, spearheads and lance heads, arrows, shield parts, bits, spurs, and so on).
The pottery is the most frequent artefact discovered in the archaeological sites. Its study offers important data on the production techniques, the diet, the goods distribution patterns, on the convivial habits and the daily life.
Besides some common characteristics encountered in all Dacian fortresses of Orăștie Mountains (specific techniques and vessel shapes) each site seems to have its own specificity. 
Sarmisegetuza Regia is more prominent due to its preference for an elegant tableware, with visible Mediterranean influences. Specific for this site is more evidently the ceramics painted in complex geometric patterns, floral and animal figures. It brings testimony on the performance of the local potters at the end of the Iron Age, but it also displays an entire mythological universe artistically expressed in the figurative style used to adorn these vases.
More and more often, graphic signs are discovered on some ceramic fragments (Greek, Latin letters as well as other signs) scratched on pots. This suggests that the custom to make some annotations was more frequent than one would so far think. Most of these signs are probably property signs, others are referring to the contents or product quantities.
The commercial trade was favoured by the use of coins issued by the Dacia's neighbours as well as of local coins or imitations. The remains of a monetary workshop in which were produced imitations of Roman dinarii were found on the IVth terrace in Sarmizegetusa Regia. In it were found three bronze minting dies
Among the most recent findings are the most remarkable spiral shaped bracelets of very fine gold, many of them weighing more than 1 kg.